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Modern Portfolio Theory (Markowitz) & Optimal Risk Distribution

Mean–variance optimisation: portfolios on the efficient frontier maximise return per unit of risk given expected returns and covariances.

Authored by·Editorially reviewed
Onur Erkan Yıldız
Founder, Financial Engineer · CMB-licensed

Overview

Markowitz (1952) formalises diversification: combine assets with imperfect correlation so portfolio variance falls faster than linear averages. The efficient frontier contains non-dominated portfolios. Inputs — means, covariances — dominate output quality.

Practical takeaway

Practitioners often blend MPT with risk parity, factor models, or Black–Litterman to stabilise weights. Never trust a single-point optimiser without stress tests.

How this connects to Finvestopia

When you read our composite quality on Radar, think in risk buckets: independent macro and micro drivers matter as much as counting more symbols.

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Educational content authored by our team — informational only, not investment advice.